Year: 2017 | Month: December | Volume 10 | Issue 6
Optimization of Process Parameters for Osmotic Dehydration of Chayote Cubes by Response Surface Methodology
Abstract:
Chayote is a rich source of vitamin C and vitamin B-6 as well as folate. It also contains dietary fiber and is high in potassium and very low in sodium, a combination which makes it ideal for supporting healthy blood pressure. The response surface methodology (RSM) of central composite rotatable design (CCRD) with 30 experimental runs were used for the optimization of process parameters during the osmotic dehydration of chayote cubes (1 cm3) using brine solution of salt for maximizing water loss (WL), minimizing solid gain (SG) and maximizing rehydration ratio (RR) of the dehydrated product. The independent process variables with four factors and five levels included solution temperature (25-45ºC), immersion time (140-220 min), concentration (5-15%) and sample to solution ratio (1:6-1:14 w/w). Osmotically pretreated chayote cubes were further dehydrated in hot air oven at the desired temperature of 60°C and later it was analyzed for rehydration ratio of the dried samples by placing it into water for 16-17 hours at ambient temperature. The results were obtained at the optimum operating conditions to be the solution temperature of 35.61ºC, immersion time of 186.56 min, concentration of 9.02% and STSR of 1:11.23 (w/w). Under these conditions, the WL SG and RR were evaluated as 29.79% (wb), 5.47% (wb) and 21.14, respectively.
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